The term 'perinatal asphyxia' should be replaced with which terms?

'Perinatal asphyxia' refers specifically to a condition wherein a newborn does not receive adequate oxygen during the perinatal period, leading to various complications. The term is most accurately replaced with 'hypoxia and hypoxic acidemia' because both terms directly relate to the underlying pathology of perinatal asphyxia.

Hypoxia denotes the deficiency of oxygen in the tissues, which is central to the concept of perinatal asphyxia, while hypoxic acidemia refers to the resultant acidity in the blood due to low oxygen levels. This is a critical state that arises when fetal or neonatal oxygenation is compromised, encapsulating the essence of what occurs during perinatal asphyxia. The use of these terms provides a clearer clinical picture of the physiological disruptions caused by inadequate oxygen supply.

Other options mention various conditions or states that may arise as a consequence of asphyxia but do not directly encompass the definitions or implications of perinatal asphyxia itself. Therefore, 'hypoxia and hypoxic acidemia' represents the accurate terminology that underscores the risks and acute physiological experiences linked to perinatal asphyxia.